Effects of photobiomodulation with red and infrared low-level laser diodes in individuals undergoing rhinoplasty at a single centre in São Paulo, Brazil: protocol for a randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial.

Milene Alves Azevedo, Eduardo Landini Lutaif Dolci, Maria Luiza Frechiani Lara Maciel, Marlon Souza Coelho, Ricardo Hideyoshi Kitamura, Araken Quedas, Sandra Kalil Bussadori, Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari, Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana, Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez Duran

BMJ open

2026

Journal Article, Clinical Trial Protocol

Humans, Double-Blind Method, Rhinoplasty, Low-Level Light Therapy, Brazil, Edema, Female, Lasers, Semiconductor, Red Light, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Adult, Ecchymosis, Infrared Rays, Postoperative Complications, Male, Young Adult, Postoperative Pain, Treatment Outcome