Why do many elderly Japanese die suddenly during winter bathing?
International journal of biometeorology · PMID 41984103
Frequent sauna bathing has been associated with lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in observational research, but that does not prove sauna itself extends life. People who use saunas frequently may differ in health, income, activity and other ways. Randomized trials have not established a longevity benefit.
No randomized trial could practically establish whether sauna use changes lifespan over decades.
Included: Records in the Sauna bathing topic whose high-signal metadata contains at least one outcome term below.
Outcome expression: "mortality" OR "longevity" OR "fatal" OR "death" OR "life expectancy"
Excluded: Records outside the intervention topic, animal-only records rejected by the source query, and records without an outcome-term match. This is a reproducible index, not a systematic review.
Download receipt JSONEach record matched the intervention topic and at least one claim-specific outcome term. Open a record for source metadata and inclusion provenance.
International journal of biometeorology · PMID 41984103
Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · PMID 39688619
Current cardiology reviews · PMID 39185640
Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ · PMID 38410962
Registration is not a result. Status and dates come from ClinicalTrials.gov.
Health Research Database. “Do saunas increase longevity?” HRD Claim Ledger. Dataset 2026-09-18. Accessed 2026-09-18.
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